Changes in epidemiology may leave the door open to adult pneumococcal disease1
Video library
Risk and severity of pneumococcal disease in adults
Pneumococcal disease remains a substantial burden in adults.2,3 Invasive forms may be severe and cause serious lifelong complications or death.4 Watch this video to learn more.
Epidemiology and serotypes associated with invasive pneumococcal disease
The incidence of IPD remains a concern in US adults.1 Find out what may be influencing serotype distribution and disease potential.
Clinical and public health importance of adult IPD
The consequences of pneumococcal disease may be life-threatening.5 See why the proportion of adults at risk of IPD may continue to rise.
Helpful reminders
Pneumococcal disease
Pneumococcal disease is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. There are ~100 known S pneumoniae serotypes and the prevalence of each differs by age and geographic area.4
The clinical spectrum of pneumococcal infection ranges from non-invasive to invasive. Non-invasive manifestations include otitis media, sinusitis, and pneumonia without bacteremia.4
Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD)
Invasive pneumococcal disease, or IPD, occurs when S pneumoniae invades normally sterile sites in the body. Major clinical syndromes are pneumonia with bacteremia, bacteremia, and meningitis.4
IPD remains a considerable cause of morbidity and mortality in adults aged 65+.1,3,6,7
Pneumococcal serotypes
Not all serotypes contribute equally to the burden of IPD, and serotypes differ in distribution and severity of disease.4 In the US over the last 20+ years, there has been a change in serotypes contributing to adult disease.1
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Invasive pneumococcal disease.
Understand the risk.
CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; IPD, invasive pneumococcal disease; PCV, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; S pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae; US, United States.
bPCVs contain serotypes 1, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7F, 8, 9V, 10A, 11A, 12F, 14, 15B, 18C, 19A, 19F, 22F, 23F, and 33F.1
cBased on CDC ABC surveillance data representing ~35 million persons and 10 states across the US.3,7
References
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Active Bacterial Core (ABC) bact facts interactive data dashboard 1997 to 2021. Last reviewed September 20, 2023. Accessed November 1, 2023. https://www.cdc.gov/abcs/bact-facts-interactive-dashboard.html
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Pneumococcal disease. Clinical features. Last Reviewed January 27, 2022. Accessed April 18, 2023. cdc.gov/pneumococcal/clinicians/clinical-features.html
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) report emerging infections program network Streptococcus pneumoniae, 2019. Updated September 22, 2023. Accessed November 29, 2023. www.cdc.gov/abcs/downloads/SPN_Surveillance_Report_2019.pdf
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Pneumococcal disease. Last reviewed August 18, 2021. Accessed March 3, 2023. www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/pneumo.html
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Symptoms and complications. Last reviewed May 18, 2022. Accessed October 4, 2023. www.cdc.gov/pneumococcal/about/symptoms-complications.html
- Gierke R. Current epidemiology of pneumococcal disease, United States–2019 updates. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Updated June 25, 2021. Accessed March 3, 2023. https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/109108
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) report emerging infections program network Streptococcus pneumoniae, 2020. Updated September 22, 2023. Accessed November 29, 2023. www.cdc.gov/abcs/downloads/SPN_Surveillance_Report_2020.pdf
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) report data and impacts of COVID-19, 2020. Updated September 22, 2023. Accessed October 5, 2023. https://www.cdc.gov/abcs/reports-findings/data-2020.html